CHAPTER PAGE
I THE DOMESTICATION OF THE GRAPE 1
II GRAPE REGIONS AND THEIR DETERMINANTS 16
III PROPAGATION 36
IV STOCKS AND RESISTANT VINES 61
V THE VINEYARD AND ITS MANAGEMENT 73
VI FERTILIZERS FOR GRAPES 97
VII PRUNING THE GRAPE IN EASTERN AMERICA 108
VIII TRAINING THE GRAPE IN EASTERN AMERICA 123
IX GRAPE-PRUNING ON THE PACIFIC COAST 150
X EUROPEAN GRAPES IN EASTERN AMERICA 184
XI GRAPES UNDER GLASS 192
XII GRAPE PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL 204
XIII MARKETING GRAPES 230
XIV GRAPE PRODUCTS 250
XV GRAPE BREEDING 273
XVI MISCELLANIES 284
XVII GRAPE BOTANY 300
XVIII VARIETIES OF GRAPES 330
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PLATES
PLATE PAGE
I. Two views of vineyards in California; a vineyard in the orchard region of central California, and a vineyard in southern California 14
II. Fitting the land for planting 34
III. Cover-crop; cow-horn turnips, and rye 48
IV. A well-tilled vineyard of Concords 60
V. Vinifera grapes grown out of doors in New York; Malvasia and Chasselas Golden 72
VI. Black Hamburg 82
VII. Barry. Delaware 96
VIII. Brighton 106
IX. Campbell Early 114
X. Clinton 122
XI. Concord 138
XII. Diana 148
XIII. Dutchess 164
XIV. Eaton 182
XV. Eclipse 190
XVI. Elvira 202
XVII. Empire State 218
XVIII. Herbert 228
XIX. Iona 248
XX. Isabella 272
XXI. Jefferson 282
XXII. Lindley. Lucile 298
XXIII. Lutie. Pocklington 328
XXIV. Moore Early 340
XXV. Muscat Hamburg 350
XXVI. Niagara 360
XXVII. Salem 370
XXVIII. Triumph 380
XXIX. Vergennes 390
XXX. Winchell 400
XXXI. Worden 416
XXXII. Wyoming 432
FIGURES IN THE TEXT
FIGURE
1. A shoot of Vitis vinifera 3
2. A shoot of Vitis Labrusca 6
3. A shoot of Vitis rotundifolia 10
4. A shoot of Vitis aestivalis 12
5. A shoot of Vitis vulpina 14
6. Planting cuttings 40
7. A cutting beginning growth 40
8. Cutting off the trunk 46
9. Cutting the cleft 47
10. Inserting the cion 47
11. The completed graft 47
12. Bench-grafted cuttings of grape, showing the cleft-graft and the whip-graft. (Adapted from Husmann) 51
13. Vine ready for pruning 113
14. A "go-devil" for collecting prunings 119
15. A trellis and a common method of bracing end posts 120
16. Chautauqua training; vine ready to prune 127
17. Keuka method of training 130
18. Single-stem four-cane Kniffin training 133
19. Umbrella method of training 134
20. Two-trunk Kniffin training 135
21. Rotundifolia vines trained by the overhead method 144
22. A Rotundifolia vine trained by the 6-arm renewal method 145
23. Forms of head pruning 154
24. Forms of head pruning 155
25. Head pruning: fan-shaped head; fruit canes tied to horizontal trellis 156
26. Single vertical cordon with fruit-spurs 157
27. Unilateral horizontal cordon with fruit-spurs 158
28. Three-year-old vine ready for pruning 169
29. Vine of Fig. 28 after pruning for vase-formed head 169
30. Three-year-old vines: A, pruned for a vase-formed, and B, for a fan-shaped head 170
31. Four-year-old vine pruned for vase-formed head 171
32. Four-year-old vine pruned for high vase-formed head 172
33. Fan-shaped vines: A, before pruning; B, after pruning 173
34. Vertical cordon, young vine pruned 176
35. Unilateral horizontal cordon with half-long pruning 177
36. Leaf-galls of the phylloxera 205
37. The grape root-worm 207
38. Root-worm beetle 207
39. Injuries caused by beetles of the grape root-worm 207
40. Eggs of grape-vine flea-beetle 209
41. First four stages of the grape leaf-hopper 212
42. The fifth and the mature stages of the grape leaf-hopper 212
43. A bunch of grapes despoiled by the grape-berry moth 214
44. Work of black-rot of the grape 219
45. Grapes attacked by downy-mildew 221
46. Packing grapes on a packing-table 234
47. Climax baskets in two sizes 236
48. William Robert Prince 274
49. E. S. Rogers 275
50. T. V. Munson 277
51. Staminate and perfect flower clusters on one vine 285
52. Ringing grape-vines; showing tools for ringing and ringed vines 292
53. A grape flower; showing the opening cap and stamens 305
54. Grape flowers; showing upright and depressed stamens 306
MANUAL OF AMERICAN GRAPE-GROWING