Chapter IV✦

Decline of Sulu 205

Expedition against Jolo 205 Treaty of April 30, 1851 209 Translation of the Sulu text of the treaty of 1851 212 Politico-military government of Mindanao and adjacent islands 214

Chapter V✦

Sulu Under Spanish Sovereignty 221

Occupation of Jolo 221 Rule of Sultan Jamalul A'lam 224 Cession of possessions in Borneo to British North Borneo Company 225 Treaty of July, 1878 226 Translation of the Spanish copy of the treaty 227 Translation of the Sulu text of the treaty 229 Rule of Sultan Badarud Din II 233 Struggle for the sultanate 237 Rule of Sultan Harun 240 Rule of Sultan Jamalul Kiram II 244

Chapter VI✦

Conclusion 247✦

Political status of Sulu at the time of Spanish evacuation 247 Spanish policy 249 Attitude of the Moros 249 Mistakes and difficulties of Spanish rule 251 Report of Baltasar Giraudier 254 Views of Espina 255 Purpose of Spain 256 Resources of Spain 260

Appendixes

Appendix I. The pacification of Mindanao by Ronquillo 269 II. The pacification of Mindanao 275 III. The Moro raids of 1599 and 1600 279 IV. Gallinato's expedition to Jolo 283 V. Olaso's expedition in 1629 289 VI. Corcuera's campaign in Jolo 291 VII. Obando's report on the preparations to be undertaken to return Alimud Din to Sulu 305 VIII. Obando's report on the circumstances attending the attempt to return Alimud Din to Sulu 307 IX. Report on the occupation of Palawan and Balabak 313 X. A brief report on the expedition to take possession of Palawan 317 XI. The letter of the King of Spain to Sultan Israel 319 XII. Letter from the captain-general of the Philippines forwarding a copy of the treaty of peace, protection, and commerce with Sulu 321 XIII. Royal directions relative to commerce with Sulu, and the advisability of making Zamboanga a free port 325 XIV. Camba's report on the circumstances attending the treaty of 1836 and its bases 333 XV. Camba's report on commerce with Sulu and the advisability of making Zamboanga a free port 339 XVI. Communication from the governor of Zamboanga to the supreme government of the Philippines, relative to the treaty of Sir James Brooke with the Sultan of Sulu 345 XVII. Communication from the supreme government of the Philippines to the secretary of state, relative to the treaty of Sir James Brooke with the Sultan of Sulu 355 XVIII. Regulations relative to taxes and imposts on natives and immigrants in Sulu 359 XIX. The protocol of Sulu, of 1877, between Spain, Germany, and Great Britain 367 XX. The protocol of Sulu of 1885, between Spain, Germany, and Great Britain 371 XXI. Decree of the general government in regard to payment of tribute by Sulus 375 XXII. Royal communications relative to the rights of foreigners to the pearl fisheries of Sulu 377 XXIII. Royal directions relative to the treatment of foreigners engaged in pearl fishing in the Sulu waters 383 XXIV. La Torre's views on the policy that should be adopted in Mindanao and Sulu 385

Maps and Diagrams

Map I. The Sulu Archipelago Frontispiece Facing page-- II. Sulu Island 128 III. Sketch of Jolo before 1888 134 IV. Sketch of Jolo at the present time 134 Diagram 1. Sultans and royal datus of Sulu 158 2. Datus of Sulu not descended from Abu Bakr 158