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Transcriber’s Note:
This version of the text cannot represent certain typographical effects. Italics are delimited with the ‘_’ character as italic.
Footnotes have been moved to follow the paragraphs in which they are referenced.
Minor errors, attributable to the printer, have been corrected. Please see the transcriber’s note at the end of this text for details regarding the handling of any textual issues encountered during its preparation.
ROMANTIC LOVE AND PERSONAL BEAUTY
THEIR
DEVELOPMENT, CAUSAL RELATIONS, HISTORIC AND NATIONAL PECULIARITIES
BY
HENRY T. FINCK
=New York= THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD. 1902 All rights reserved
COPYRIGHT, 1887 BY HENRY T. FINCK
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SET UP AND ELECTROTYPED, 1887 NEW EDITION, FEBRUARY, 1903
Press of J. J. Little & Co. Astor Place, New York
CONTENTS
PAGE EVOLUTION OF ROMANTIC LOVE 1 COSMIC ATTRACTION AND CHEMICAL AFFINITIES 3 FLOWER LOVE AND BEAUTY 7 IMPERSONAL AFFECTION 11 PERSONAL AFFECTIONS 16 I. Love for Animals 16 II. Maternal Love 19 III. Paternal Love 20 IV. Filial Love 22 V. Brotherly and Sisterly Love 23 VI. Friendship 24 VII. Romantic Love 26 OVERTONES OF LOVE 29 I. Individual Preference 30 II. Monopoly or Exclusiveness 30 III. Jealousy 30 IV. Coyness 30 V. Gallantry 31 VI. Self-Sacrifice 31 VII. Sympathy 31 VIII. Pride of Conquest and Possession 31 IX. Emotional Hyperbole 32 X. Mixed Moods 32 XI. Admiration of Personal Beauty 32 Herbert Spencer on Love 33 LOVE AMONG ANIMALS 33 Courtship 37 (a) Jealousy 39 (b) Coyness 40 (c) Individual Preference 42 (d) Personal Beauty and Sexual Selection 43 (1) Protective Colours 48 (2) Warning Colours 48 (3) Typical Colours 48 (4) Sexual Colours 49 Love Charms and Love Calls 50 Love Dances and Display 52 LOVE AMONG SAVAGES 54 Strangers to Love 54 Primitive Courtship 56 (1) Capture 56 (2) Purchase 58 (3) Service 58 Individual Preference 59 Personal Beauty and Sexual Selection 60 Jealousy and Polygamy 62 Monopoly and Monogamy 63 Primitive Coyness 64 Can American Negroes Love? 66 HISTORY OF LOVE 67 LOVE IN EGYPT 67 ANCIENT HEBREW LOVE 69 ANCIENT ARYAN LOVE 72 Hindoo Love Maxims 73 GREEK LOVE 75 Family Affection 75 No Love Stories 76 Woman’s Position 77 Chaperonage versus Courtship 77 Plato on Courtship 78 Parental versus Lovers’ Choice 78 The Hetæræ 79 Platonic Love 80 Sappho and Female Friendship 81 Greek Beauty 83 Cupid’s Arrows 84 Origin of Love 85 ROMAN LOVE 86 Woman’s Position 86 No Wooing and Choice 87 Virgil, Dryden, and Scott 89 Ovid’s Art of Making Love 90 Birth of Gallantry 91 MEDIÆVAL LOVE 92 Celibacy versus Marriage 92 Woman’s Lowest Degradation 93 Negation of Feminine Choice 95 Christianity and Love 97 Chivalry—Militant and Comic 98 Chivalry—Poetic 101 (a) French Troubadours 102 (b) German Minnesingers 103 Female Culture 105 Personal Beauty 107 Spenser on Love 108 Dante and Shakspere 109 MODERN LOVE 111 A Biologic Test 111 Venus, Plutus, and Minerva 112 Leading Motives 114 Modern Coyness 114 (1) An Echo of Capture 114 (2) Maiden versus Wife 115 (3) Modesty 115 (4) Cunning to be Strange 115 (5) Procrastination 116 Goldsmith on Love 116 Disadvantages of Coyness 118 Coyness lessens Woman’s Love 120 Masculine versus Feminine Love 120 Flirtation and Coquetry 122 Flirtation versus Coyness 123 Modern Courtship 125 Modern Jealousy 127 Lover’s Jealousy 129 Retrospective and Prospective Jealousy 131 Jealousy and Beauty 133 Monopoly or Exclusiveness 133 True Love is Transient 135 Is First Love Best? 136 Heine on First Love 137 First Love is not Best 137 Pride and Vanity 141 Coquetry 142 Love and Rank 143 Special Sympathy 145 How Love Intensifies Emotions 146 Development of Sympathy 147 Pity and Love 150 Love at First Sight 152 Intellect and Love 154 Gallantry and Self-Sacrifice 157 Active and Passive Desire to Please 159 Feminine Devotion 160 Emotional Hyperbole 162 Mixed Moods and Paradoxes 166 Lunatic, Lover, and Poet 172 Individual Preference 173 Sexual Divergence 174 Making Woman Masculine 175 Love and Culture 176 Personal Beauty 177 Feminine Beauty in Masculine Eyes 177 Masculine Beauty in Feminine Eyes 178 CONJUGAL AFFECTION AND ROMANTIC LOVE 180 Romance in Conjugal Love 184 Marriages of Reason or Love Matches? 187 Marriage Hints 189 OLD MAIDS 190 BACHELORS 194 GENIUS AND MARRIAGE 197 GENIUS AND LOVE 201 GENIUS IN LOVE 204 (1) Precocity 204 (2) Ardour 207 (3) Fickleness 210 (4) Multiplicity 213 (5) Fictitiousness 215 INSANITY AND LOVE 218 Analogies 218 Erotomania, or Real Love-Sickness 222 THE LANGUAGE OF LOVE 223 I. Words 223 II. Facial Expression 224 III. Caresses 225 KISSING—PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE 227 Among Animals 227 Among Savages 228 Origin of Kissing 229 Ancient Kisses 232 Mediæval Kisses 233 Modern Kisses 234 Love Kisses 235 How to Kiss 237 HOW TO WIN LOVE 238 Brass Buttons 238 Confidence and Boldness 239 Pleasant Associations 240 Perseverance 241 Feigned Indifference 241 Compliments 244 Love Letters 246 Love Charms for Women 250 Proposing 253 Diagnosis, or Signs of Love 254 HOW TO CURE LOVE 255 Absence 256 Travel 257 Employment 257 Married Misery 257 Feminine Inferiority 260 Focussing Her Faults 262 Reason versus Passion 263 Love versus Love 264 Prognosis, or Chances of Recovery 265 NATIONALITY AND LOVE 265 French Love 266 Italian Love 274 Spanish Love 277 German Love 280 English Love 288 American Love 294 SCHOPENHAUER’S THEORY OF LOVE 301 Love is an Illusion 302 Individuals Sacrificed to the Species 302 Sources of Love 303 (1) Physical Beauty 303 (2) Psychic Traits 304 (3) Complementary Qualities 305 FOUR SOURCES OF BEAUTY 310 I. Health 310 Greek Beauty 313 Mediæval Ugliness 314 Modern Hygiene 316 II. Crossing 318 III. Romantic Love 322 IV. Mental Refinement 324 EVOLUTION OF TASTE 327 Savage Notions of Beauty 327 Non-Æsthetic "Ornamentation" 328 Personal Beauty as a Fine Art 329 Negative Tests of Beauty 331 (a) Animals 331 (b) Savages 333 (c) Degraded Classes 333 (d) Age and Decrepitude 334 (e) Disease 334 Positive Tests of Beauty 338 (a) Symmetry 338 (b) Gradation 339 (c) Curvature 341 Masculine and Feminine Beauty 342 (d) Delicacy 343 (e) Smoothness 344 (f) Lustre and Colour 345 (g) Expression, Variety, Individuality 348 THE FEET 351 Size 351 Fashionable Ugliness 352 Tests of Beauty 354 A Graceful Gait 357 Evolution of the Great Toe 359 National Peculiarities 361 Beautifying Hygiene 362 Dancing and Grace 364 Dancing and Courtship 365 Evolution of Dance Music 367 The Dance of Love 369 Ballet-Dancing 370 THE LOWER LIMBS 371 Muscular Development 371 Beautifying Exercise 372 Fashionable Ugliness 375 The Crinoline Craze 376 THE WAIST 378 The Beauty-Curve 378 The Wasp-Waist Mania 379 Hygienic Disadvantages 380 Æsthetic Disadvantages 381 Corpulence and Leanness 382 The Fashion Fetish Analysed 386 Individualism versus Fashion 389 Masculine Fashions 391 CHEST AND BOSOM 394 Feminine Beauty 394 Masculine Beauty 397 Magic Effect of Deep Breathing 397 A Moral Question 399 NECK AND SHOULDER 400 ARM AND HAND 402 Evolution and Sexual Differences 402 Calisthenics and Massage 403 The Second Face 405 Finger Nails 406 Manicure Secrets 407 JAW, CHIN, AND MOUTH 408 Hands versus Jaws 408 Dimples in the Chin 412 Refined Lips 413 Cosmetic Hints 421 THE CHEEKS 423 High Cheek Bones 423 Colour and Blushes 425 THE EARS 429 A Useless Ornament 429 Cosmetics and Fashion 431 Physiognomic Vagaries 433 Noise and Civilisation 434 A Musical Voice 435 THE NOSE 436 Size and Shape 436 Evolution of the Nose 438 Greek and Hebrew Noses 440 Fashion and Cosmetic Surgery 443 Nose-Breathing and Health 445 Cosmetic Value of Odours 446 THE FOREHEAD 448 Beauty and Brain 448 Fashionable Deformity 450 Wrinkles 451 THE COMPLEXION 453 White versus Black 453 Cosmetic Hints 460 Freckles and Sunshine 462 THE EYES 464 Colour 465 Lustre 469 Form 472 Expression 475 (a) Lustre 476 (b) Colour of Iris 478 (c) Movements of the Iris 479 (d) ” ” Eyeball 480 (e) ” ” Eyelids 482 (f) ” ” Eyebrows 485 Cosmetic Hints 485 THE HAIR 486 Cause of Man’s Nudity 486 Beards and Moustaches 489 Baldness and Depilatories 492 Æsthetic Value of Hair 494 BRUNETTE AND BLONDE 496 Blonde versus Brunette 496 Brunette versus Blonde 498 Why Cupid Favours Brunettes 499 NATIONALITY AND BEAUTY 505 FRENCH BEAUTY 506 ITALIAN BEAUTY 511 SPANISH BEAUTY 515 GERMAN AND AUSTRIAN BEAUTY 522 ENGLISH BEAUTY 528 AMERICAN BEAUTY 535