The Egyptian Book of the dead

Transcriber’s Note

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THE EGYPTIAN BOOK OF THE DEAD. TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY,

BY THE LATE SIR P. LE PAGE RENOUF, KNT.

CONTINUED AND COMPLETED BY PROF. E. NAVILLE, D.C.L., &c., &c., Professor of Egyptology at the University of Geneva.

WITH VIGNETTES AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIONS.

PRIVATELY PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY OF BIBLICAL ARCHÆOLOGY, 37, GREAT RUSSELL STREET, BLOOMSBURY, LONDON, 1904.

LONDON: HARRISON AND SONS, PRINTERS IN ORDINARY TO HIS MAJESTY, ST. MARTIN’S LANE.

TO

LADY RENOUF

THIS WORK IS DEDICATED

IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE EXPRESSED WISH OF

HER LATE HUSBAND

SIR PETER LE PAGE RENOUF.

INDEX TO THE CHAPTERS AND REFERENCES TO THE VIGNETTES.

CHAPTERS. │ VIGNETTES.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┬─────────────── I. The Beginning of the Chapters of pages│ Plates I, II. Coming forth by Day, of the Words 1, 2│ which bring about Resurrection and │ Glory, and of Coming out of and │ entering into Amenta. Said upon the │ Day of Burial of N, the │ Victorious, who entereth after │ coming forth. Here is N the │ victorious. He saith— │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── II. Chapter for Coming forth by day and 11, 12│ No Vignettes. Living after death. │ III. Another Chapter like it. 12│ ” IV. Another Chapter, for travelling on 13│ ” the road which is above the earth. │ V. Chapter whereby work may not be 13│ ” imposed [upon a person] in the │ Netherworld. │ VI. Chapter whereby the funereal 15, 16│ ” Statuettes may be made to do work │ for a person in the Netherworld. │ VII. Chapter of passing through the chine 16│ ” of Apepi which is void. │ VIII. Chapter of opening the Tuat by day. 17│ ” IX. Chapter for opening the Tuat. 18│ ” X. Chapter for coming forth 19│ ” victoriously. │ XI. Chapter for coming out against the 19│ ” adversary in the Netherworld. │ XII. Chapter for entering and for coming 20│ ” forth out of the Netherworld. │ XIII. Chapter for entering after coming 20│ ” out from Amenta. │ XIV. Chapter for removing displeasure 21│ ” from the heart of the god against │ the deceased person. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XV. HYMN I.—A Hymn to Râ at his rising. 22–25│ III, X, XV. [LITANY].—Adored be Râ as he setteth 25, 26│ in the Land of Life. │ HYMN II.—A Hymn to Râ at his 26, 27│ setting. │ HYMN III.—A Hymn to Tmu at his 27, 28│ setting. │ XVI. . . . . . . . . . . 34│ IV, V. XVII. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 35 40│ VI, VII. day out of the Netherworld. Let the │ words be said: │ XVIII. A Litany to Thoth. 50–53│ VIII, IX. XIX. Chapter of the Crown of Triumph. 57, 58│ IX. ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XX. Another Chapter of the Crown of 59│ No Vignettes. Triumph. │ XXI. Chapter whereby the Mouth of a 60│ ” person is given to him in the │ Netherworld. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XXII. Another Chapter whereby the Mouth of 61│ X, XI. a person is given to him in the │ Netherworld. │ XXIII. Chapter whereby the Mouth of a 62│ X, XI. person is opened for him in the │ Netherworld. │ XXIV. Chapter whereby the Words of Power 63, 64│ X. are brought to a person in the │ Netherworld. │ XXV. _Chapter whereby a person remembereth 66│_No Vignettes._ his name in the Netherworld._ │ XXVI. Chapter whereby the Heart is given 66│ XII. to a person in the Netherworld. │ XXVII. Chapter whereby the Heart of a 69│ XI. person is not taken from him in the │ Netherworld. │ XXVIII. Chapter whereby the Heart of a 70, 71│ XII. person is not taken from him in the │ Netherworld. │ XXIX. Chapter whereby the Heart of a 72│ XII. person may not be taken from him in │ the Netherworld. │ XXIXB. _Another Chapter of the Heart; upon 73│_No Vignettes._ Carnelian._ │ XXXA. Chapter whereby the Heart of a 74│ XII. person is not kept back from him in │ the Netherworld. │ XXXB. 75│_No Vignettes._ XXXI. Chapter whereby the Crocodiles are 77│ XII. repulsed who come to carry off the │ Words of Power from a person in the │ Netherworld. │ XXXII. _Chapter whereby the Crocodiles are 78, 79│_No Vignettes._ repulsed who come to carry off the │ Words of Power from the glorified │ in the Netherworld._ │ XXXIII. Chapter whereby all Serpents are 81│ XII. kept back. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XXXIV. Chapter whereby a person is not 82│ No Vignettes. devoured by the dweller in the │ shrine. │ XXXV. Chapter whereby the person is not 83│ ” devoured by a Serpent in the │ Netherworld. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XXXVI. Chapter whereby the Āpshait is kept 85│ XII, XIII. back. │ XXXVII. Chapter whereby the Merta Goddesses 85│ XIII. are kept back. │ XXXVIII. Chapter whereby one liveth by the 86│ XIII breath of air in the Netherworld, │ and keepeth back Merta. │ XXXIX. Chapter whereby the Serpent Rekrek 87-89│ XIII, XIV. is repulsed in the Netherworld. │ XL. Chapter whereby the Eater of the Ass 91, 92│ XIV. is kept back. │ XLI. Chapter whereby one avoideth the 94│ XV. Slaughter which is carried out in │ the Netherworld. │ XLII. Chapter whereby one hindereth the 95–98│ XVI. Slaughter which is wrought at │ Sutenhenen. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XLIII. Chapter whereby the head of a person 101│ No Vignettes. is not severed from him in the │ Netherworld. │ XLIV. Chapter whereby one dieth not a 101│ ” second time. │ XLV. Chapter whereby one escapeth 102│ ” corruption in the Netherworld. │ XLVI. Chapter whereby he that is living is 102│ ” not destroyed in the Netherworld. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── XLVII. Chapter whereby the seat of a person 102,│ XV, XVII. is not taken from him in the 103│ Netherworld. │ XLVIII (same as X). │ XLIX (same as XI). │ L. Chapter whereby one cometh not to 103│ XVII. the divine Block of Execution. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LI. Chapter whereby one goeth not 104│ No Vignettes. headlong in the Netherworld. │ LII. Chapter whereby one eateth not dirt 105│ ” in the Netherworld. │ LIIIA. Chapter whereby one is not made to 107│ ” eat dirt, or to drink lye. │ LIIIB. Whereby one eateth not dirt. 107,│ ” 108│ LIV. Chapter whereby air is given in the 108│ ” Netherworld. │ LV. Another Chapter whereby air is 109│ ” given. │ LVI. Another Chapter of breathing. 110│ ” ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LVII. Chapter for breathing air, and 110,│ XVII. command of water, in the 111│ Netherworld. │ LVIII. Chapter for breathing air and 112│ XVII. command of water. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LIX. Chapter for breathing air and 113│ No Vignettes. command of water. │ LX. Another Chapter. 113,│ ” 114│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXI. Another Chapter. 114│ XVII. ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXII. Chapter whereby water is drunk in 114,│ No Vignettes. the Netherworld. 115│ LXIIIA. Chapter whereby one is not burnt 115,│ ” with fire, but drinketh water, in 116│ the Netherworld. │ LXIIIB. Chapter whereby one is not boiled in 116│ ” water. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXIV. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 117–121│ XVII. day from the Netherworld. │ LXV. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 127│ XIX. day and prevaileth over the │ adversaries. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXVI. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 128│ No Vignettes. day. │ LXVII. Chapter whereby the doors of the 128│ ” Tuat are opened and one cometh │ forth by day. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXVIII. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 129,│ XVIII, XIX. day. 130│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXIX. Otherwise said. 130,│ No Vignettes. 131│ LXX. Another Chapter. 131,│ ” 132│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── LXXI. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 132–134│ XIX. day. │ LXXII. Chapter whereby one cometh forth by 136,│ XIX, XX. day and passes through the 137│ Ammehit. │ LXXIII (same as IX). │ XIX, XX. LXXIV. Chapter whereby the legs are set in 138│ XIX, XX. motion upon earth. │ LXXV. Chapter whereby one cometh to 139,│ XXI, numbered Heliopolis and receiveth a seat 140│ LXXVIII in there. │ error. LXXVI. Chapter whereby all forms are 140│ XX. same as assumed which one pleaseth. │ LXXIII. LXXVII. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 141│ XXI. form of the Golden Hawk. │ LXXVIII. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 142–146│ XXI. form of the Sacred Hawk. │ LXXIX. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 147,│ XXI. form of the Chief god of the Divine 148│ Cycle. │ LXXX. _Chapter whereby one assumeth the 149│_No Vignettes._ form of the god who giveth Light to │ the Darkness._ │ LXXXI. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 150│ XXI, XXII. form of the Lotus. │ LXXXII. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 150,│ XXII. form of Ptah, eateth bread, 151│ drinketh beer, and sitteth in the │ midst of the great gods. │ LXXXIII. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 151,│ XXII. form of the Bennu bird. 152│ LXXXIV. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 152,│ XXII. form of the Hernshaw. 153│ LXXXV. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 153,│ XXII. form of a Soul, that one may not 154│ come to the dungeon. Imperishable │ is he who knoweth it. │ LXXXVI. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 155│ XXII. form of the Swallow. │ LXXXVII. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 157│ XXII, XXIII. form of Se-ta. │ LXXXVIII. Chapter whereby one assumeth the 157│ XXIII. form of the Crocodile god [Sebak]. │ LXXXIX. Chapter whereby the Soul is united 157,│ XXIII. to the dead Body. 158│ XC. Chapter whereby Memory is restored 159│ XXIII. to a person. │ XCI. _Chapter whereby the Soul is secured 160│_No Vignettes._ from imprisonment in the │ Netherworld._ │ XCII. Chapter whereby the Tomb is opened 160,│ XXIII, XXIV. to the Soul and to the Shade of the 161│ person, that he may come forth by │ day and may have mastery of his │ feet. │ XCIII. Chapter whereby one avoideth being 162│ XXIV. conveyed to the East in the │ Netherworld. │ XCIV. Chapter whereby one prayeth for a 163│ XXIV. Palette and an Inkstand. │ XCV. Chapter whereby is opened the place 163,│ XXIV. wherein Thoth resteth. 164│ XCVI. _Chapter whereby is opened [the 164│_No Vignettes._ place] where Thoth [resteth]._ │ XCVII. 165│ XXV. XCVIII. Chapter whereby one saileth a ship 165,│ XXV. in the Netherworld. 166│ XCIX. Chapter whereby one saileth a ship 167–169│ XXV, XXVI. in the Netherworld. │ C. The Book whereby the glorified one 171│ XXVII. is made strong, and is made to │ embark in the boat of Rā, together │ with those who are with the god. │ CI. _Chapter of the safeguards of the 172,│_No Vignettes._ Bark of Rā_. 173│ CII. Chapter whereby one entereth into 173│ XXVII. the Bark of Rā. │ CIII. Chapter whereby one openeth the 174│ XXV. place where Hathor abideth. │ CIV. Chapter whereby one sitteth in the 174│ XXV. midst of the great gods. │ CV. Chapter whereby one propitiateth the 175│ XXV. Ka. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CVI. Chapter whereby a largess is 176,│ No Vignettes. presented at Hat-ka-Ptah. 177│ CVII. 178│ ” ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CVIII. Chapter whereby one knoweth the 178,│ XXV, XXVII. Powers of the West. 179│ │ CIX. Chapter whereby one knoweth the 181,│ XXVII. Powers of the East. 182│ CX. The Beginning of the Chapters of the 193–195│ XXVIII, XXIX. Garden of Hotepit, and of the │ Chapters of coming forth by day; │ and of entering and coming forth in │ the Netherworld, and of arriving at │ the Garden of Aarru, at the Rise in │ Hotepit and at the Grand Domain, │ blest with the breezes: that I may │ take possession there and be in │ Glory there: that there I may │ plough and mow: that there I may │ eat and drink and love: doing │ whatsoever things are done upon │ earth. │ CXI (same as CVIII). │ CXII. Chapter whereby one knoweth the 184,│ XXIX, XXX. Powers of Pu. 185│ CXIII. Chapter whereby one knoweth the 186,│ XXX. Powers of Nechen. 187│ CXIV. Chapter whereby one knoweth the 188,│ XXXI. Powers of Hermopolis. 189│ CXV. _Chapter whereby one cometh forth 190,│_No Vignettes._ into Heaven, and openeth the 191│ Ammehit: and whereby the Powers of │ Heliopolis are known._ │ CXVI. Chapter whereby one knoweth the 192│ XXXI. Power of Hermopolis. │ CXVII. Chapter whereby one taketh the 203│ XXXI (one blissful path at Restau. │ Vignette is │ numbered CVII │ in error). CXVIII. _Chapter whereby one arriveth at 206│_No Vignettes._ Restau._ │ CXIX. Chapter whereby one entereth or 206│ XXXI. goeth forth from Restau. │ CXX (same as XII). │ CXXI (same as XIII). │ CXXII (same as LVIII). │ CXXIII. Chapter whereby one entereth into 208│ XXXI. the Great House. │ CXXIV. Chapter whereby one cometh to the 210,│ XXXII. Divine Circle of Osiris. 211│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CXXV. PART I.—Said on arriving at the Hall 212–214│ XXXII, of Righteousness, that N may be │ XXXIII, loosed from all the sins which he │ XXXIV, hath committed and that he may look │ XXXV, upon the divine countenances. │ XXXVI, │ XXXVIII, │ XXXVIII, │ XXXIX. PART II.—The Negative Confession. 214–216│ ” PART III.—Said upon approaching to 216–220│ ” the gods who are in the Tuat. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CXXVI. . . . . . . . . . . 244,│ XL. 245│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CXXVII. The Book for invoking the gods of 249│ No Vignettes. the Bounds, which the person │ reciteth when he approacheth them, │ that he may enter and see the │ Strong one in the Great Abode of │ the Tuat. │ CXXVIII. Invocation of Osiris 251,│ ” 252│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CXXIX (same as C). │ XL. CXXX. A Book whereby the Soul is made to 256–259│ XL. live for ever, on the day of │ entering into the Bark of Rā, and │ to pass the Sheniu of the Tuat. │ Made on the Birthday of Osiris. │ CXXXI. Chapter whereby one proceedeth into 261│ XLI. Heaven by the side of Rā. │ CXXXII. Chapter whereby a person is enabled 263│ XLI. to go round, to visit his dwelling │ in the Netherworld. │ CXXXIII. Book whereby the deceased acquireth 264,│ XLI, XLII. might in the Netherworld, in 265│ presence of the great cycle of the │ gods. │ CXXXIV. Chapter whereby the deceased 267,│ XLI. acquireth might. 268│ CXXXV. _Another chapter recited when the 269,│_No Vignettes._ Moon renews itself on the first day 270│ of the month._ │ CXXXVIA. Chapter whereby one is conveyed in 270│ XLII. the Bark of Rā. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CXXXVIB. Chapter whereby one is conveyed in 271,│ No Vignettes. the Great Bark of Rā to pass 272│ through the orbit of flame. │ CXXXVIIA. Chapter whereby a Light is kindled 275│ ” for a person. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CXXXVIIB. Chapter whereby a Light is kindled 275│ XLII. for a person. │ CXXXVIII. Chapter whereby one is enabled to 277│ XLIII. enter into Abydos. │ │ CXXXIX (same as CXXIII). │ │ CXL. The book read on the last day of 280,│ XLIII, XLIV. Mechir, when the Eye is full on the 281│ last day of Mechir. │ │ CXLI. to The Book said by a man or his father 282–285│ XLIV, XLV, CXLIII. or his son in the festival of the │ XLVI. Amenta, and wherewith he acquires │ might with Rā, and with the gods │ when he is with them. Said on the │ day of the new Moon, when offerings │ are made of bread, beer, oxen, │ geese, and burnt incense to— │ CXLIV. The Chapter of the Arrival. 287–289│ XLVI, XLVII, │ XLIX, L. CXLV and The knowing of the pylons of the 292–294│ XLIV, XLVIII, CXLVI. house of Osiris, in the Garden of │ LIII. Aarru. │ CXLVII. 296–298│ XLIX, L. CXLVIII. Giving sustenance to the deceased in 300–301│ XLVI, XLVII, the Netherworld, and delivering him │ LI. from all evil things. │ CXLIX. 302–307│ LII. CL. 309│ LIII. CLI. 309│ LIV, LVI. CLIA. 313│_No Vignettes._ bis │ CLIA. Chapter of the mysterious head. │ LIV. ter │ CLII. Chapter of building a house on 314│ LIV. earth. │ CLIIIA. Chapter of coming out of the net. 315,│ LV. 316│ CLIIIB. Chapter of escaping from the 320,│ LVI. catchers of fish. 321│ CLIV. Chapter of not letting the body 322,│ LVI. decay in the Netherworld. 323│ CLV. Chapter of the Tat of gold. 325│ LVI, LVII. CLVI. Chapter of the buckle of carnelian, 326│ LVI, LVII. which is put on the neck of the │ deceased. │ CLVII. Chapter of the vulture of gold, put 326,│ LVII. on the neck of the deceased. 327│ CLVIII. Chapter of the collar of gold, put 327│ LVII. on the neck of the deceased. │ CLIX. Chapter of the column of green 327,│ LVII. Felspar, put on the neck of the 328│ deceased. │ CLX. Giving the column of green Felspar. 328│ LVII. CLXI. Chapter of unfastening the opening 329,│ LV. in the sky. Thoth does it so that 330│ it may be finished when he opens │ (the sky) with Aten. │ CLXII. Chapter of causing a flame to arise 330,│ LVIII. under the head of the deceased. 321│ CLXIII. Chapters brought from another book, 333,│ LVIII. in addition to the “coming forth by 334│ day.” Chapter of not letting the │ body of a man decay in the │ Netherworld, of rescuing him from │ the devourers of souls who imprison │ men in the Tuat, and of not raising │ his sins on earth against him, but │ of saving his flesh and his bones │ from the worms and from every │ evil-doing god in the Netherworld, │ so that he may go in and out as he │ likes, and do everything he desires │ without restraint. │ CLXIV. Another Chapter. 336,│ LVIII. 337│ CLXV. Chapter of landing and not being 338,│ LVIII. obscured, so that the body may 339│ prosper in drinking water. │ CLXVI. Chapter of the Pillow. 340│ LVIII. CLXVII. Chapter of bringing an Eye. 341│ LVIII. ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CLXVIII. 341│ No Vignettes. CLXIX. Chapter of raising the funereal 342–344│ ” Bed. │ CLXX. Chapter of arranging the funereal 345–347│ ” Bed. │ CLXXI. Chapter of wrapping up (the 347│ ” deceased) in a pure garment. │ CLXXII. Beginning of the Chapter of reciting 348–351│ ” the ceremonies made in the │ Netherworld. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CLXXIII. The addresses of Horus to his father 352,│ LIX. when he goes in to see his father, 353│ and when he comes out of his great │ sanctuary to see him Rā Unneferu, │ the master of Ta-tser, and then │ they embrace one another; therefore │ he is glorious in the Netherworld. │ CLXXIV. Chapter of causing the Chu to come 354,│ LX. out of the great door in the sky. 355│ CLXXV. Chapter of not dying a second death 356,│ LX. in the Netherworld. 357│ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CLXXVI. Chapter of not dying a second time 358│ No Vignettes. in the Netherworld. │ CLXXVII. Chapter of raising the Chu, of 359│ ” vivifying his soul in the │ Netherworld. │ CLXXVIII. Chapter of raising the body, of 360–363│ ” giving it eyes, of making it │ possess ears, of fixing its head, │ of putting it on its base. │ CLXXIX. Chapter of coming forth when going 363,│ ” out of yesterday and coming in the 364│ (present) day, being equipped by │ one’s own hands. │ ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────── CLXXX. Chapter of coming forth by day, of 365–367│ LX. giving praise to Rā in the Amenta, │ of paying homage to the inhabitants │ of the Tuat, of opening the way to │ the mighty soul in the Netherworld, │ of letting him walk, lengthen his │ strides, and go in and out in the │ Netherworld; and take the form of a │ living soul. │ CLXXXI. Chapter of arriving before the 368,│ LXI. Divine circle of Osiris and before 369│ the gods, the guides in the Tuat, │ before the guards of their halls, │ the heralds of their gates and the │ doorkeepers of their pylons in the │ Amenta, and of taking the form of a │ living soul and praising Osiris the │ lord of his circle of gods. │ CLXXXII. Book of vivifying Osiris, of giving 370–372│ LXI. air to him whose heart is │ motionless, through the action of │ Thoth, who repels the enemies of │ Osiris who comes there in his │ form ... as protector, saviour, │ defender in the Netherworld. │ It is said by Thoth himself, so that │ the morning light may shine on him │ (Osiris) every day. │ CLXXXIII. Adoration to Osiris, giving him 372–374│ LX. praise, bowing down before │ Unneferu, falling on one’s face │ before the lord of Ta-tsert, and │ exalting him who is on his sand. │ CLXXXIV. Chapter of being near Osiris. 375│ LX. CLXXXV. Giving praise to Osiris, falling on 375│ LX. the earth before the lord of │ eternity; propitiating the god with │ what he loves, speaking the truth, │ the lord of which is not known. │ CLXXXVI. Adoration to Hathor, the lady of the 376│ LX, LXII. West, falling down before Mehurit. │