THE PELICAN HISTORY OF ART
EDITED BY NIKOLAUS PEVSNER
Z15
ARCHITECTURE: NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES HENRY-RUSSELL HITCHCOCK
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HENRY-RUSSELL HITCHCOCK
ARCHITECTURE NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH CENTURIES
PENGUIN BOOKS BALTIMORE · MARYLAND
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First published 1958 Second edition 1963 Penguin Books Inc. 3300 Clipper Mill Road, Baltimore, Maryland
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Copyright © 1958 Henry-Russell Hitchcock
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Made and printed in Great Britain
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TO
A.C. O’M.-W.
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CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES ix
LIST OF PLATES xi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xix
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION xx
INTRODUCTION xxi
Part One
1800-1850
1. ROMANTIC CLASSICISM AROUND 1800 1
2. THE DOCTRINE OF J.-N.-L. DURAND AND ITS 20 APPLICATION IN NORTHERN EUROPE
3. FRANCE AND THE REST OF THE CONTINENT 43
4. GREAT BRITAIN 59
5. THE NEW WORLD 77
6. THE PICTURESQUE AND THE GOTHIC REVIVAL 93
7. BUILDING WITH IRON AND GLASS: 1790-1855 115
Part Two
1850-1900
8. SECOND EMPIRE PARIS, UNITED ITALY, AND 131 IMPERIAL-AND-ROYAL VIENNA
9. SECOND EMPIRE AND COGNATE MODES 152 ELSEWHERE
10. HIGH VICTORIAN GOTHIC IN ENGLAND 173
11. LATER NEO-GOTHIC OUTSIDE ENGLAND 191
12. NORMAN SHAW AND HIS CONTEMPORARIES 206
13. H. H. RICHARDSON AND McKIM, MEAD & WHITE 221
14. THE RISE OF COMMERCIAL ARCHITECTURE IN 233 ENGLAND AND AMERICA
15. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE DETACHED HOUSE IN 253 ENGLAND AND AMERICA FROM 1800 TO 1900