PREFACE
The Ottoman Turks, after the world had long despaired of them, have in these last years shown signs of renewed vigor. The time is, then, perhaps not inauspicious for an examination of the structure of their organization in the period of its greatest power and prestige. It is not easy for the present age to realize how large the empire of Suleiman bulked in the eyes of contemporaneous Europe. Amid the vast energies and activities, the magnificent undertakings and achievements, of the marvellous sixteenth century, nothing surpassed the manifestations of power that swept forth from Constantinople. The following pages will have been worth while if their incomplete presentation shadows forth, however dimly, the secrets of Ottoman greatness and success.
This book was originally prepared in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Harvard University, and was subsequently awarded the Toppan Prize. The writer desires to acknowledge his very great indebtedness for advice, suggestion, and criticism to a number of kind friends with whom he has consulted, but especially to Professor A. C. Coolidge and Professor G. F. Moore. Nor can he let the book go to press without recording his extreme obligation to his wife for unwearying assistance at every stage of its preparation.
A. H. L.
OBERLIN, OHIO, 1912.
CONTENTS
PAGE
INTRODUCTION
IDEAS CONSTITUTE A NATION 3
THE BACKGROUND OF OTTOMAN HISTORY 5
CHARACTER AND MISSION OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE 7
THE RACIAL DESCENT OF THE OTTOMAN TURKS 10
SELJUK AND OTTOMAN TURKS IN ASIA MINOR 14
THE SOURCES OF OTTOMAN CULTURE 18